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2.
Rev. chil. urol ; 79(2): 22-27, 2014. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-785338

RESUMO

La base del tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil (DE) son los inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa 5, disponibles mayoritariamente para dosificación a demanda. En 2008 la FDA aprobó el Tadalafilo 5 mg de uso diario. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la efectividad del Tadalafilo 5 mg de uso diario para el tratamiento de la DE y la satisfacción de los pacientes frente a su uso. PACIENTES Y METODOS: Se reclutaron pacientes con DE entre Junio de 2011 y Mayo de 2012. Se registraron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y andrológicos. La DE se clasificó según el puntaje del cuestionario IIEF. Todos los pacientes iniciaron tratamiento diario con Tadalafilo 5 mg y fueron reevaluados luego de un mes. La satisfacción y calidad de vida se evaluó con cuestionarios validados (EDITS, SEAR y GAQ). Para el análisis estadístico se consideró significativo un P<0.05.RESULTADOS: Se reclutaron 49 pacientes con edad promedio de 59,9 +/- 8,8 años. Un 14,3 por ciento presentaba DE severa, 36,7 por ciento moderada, 36,7por ciento leve-moderada y 12,2 por ciento leve. Al mes de tratamiento, el puntaje IIEF aumentó significativamente (P<0.0005), encontrándose un 18,4 por ciento sin DE, 53,1 por ciento con DE leve, 28,6 por ciento con DE leve-moderada y ninguno con DE moderada o grave. El 87,7 por ciento de los pacientes refirió mejores erecciones y el 81,6 por ciento una mejor capacidad para mantener la relación sexual. La satisfacción global con el tratamiento fue de 64,1 por ciento. CONCLUSIÓN: El tratamiento diario con Tadalafilo 5 mg es efectivo para el manejo de la DE y se asocia a niveles adecuados de satisfacción y confianza al cabo de un mes de tratamiento.


The base of the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) are the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, mostly available for “on demand” dosing. In 2008, the FDA approved Tadalafil 5mg for daily use. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of Tadalafil 5 mg daily dose for the treatment of ED and the patient’s satisfaction with its use. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with ED were enrolled between June 2011 and May 2012. Sociodemographic, clinical and andrologic data was recorded. The severity of ED was classified according to the score of the IIEF questionnaire. All patients started daily treatment with Tadalafil 5 mg and were reevaluated after one month. Satisfaction and quality of life was assessed using validated questionnaires (EDITS, SEAR and GAQ). A P<0.05 was considered significant in all statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 49 patients were enrolled, with mean age of 59.9 +/- 8.8 years. A 14.3 ´percent suffered severe ED, 36.7 percent moderate, 36.7 percent mild-moderate and 12.2 percent mild. After one month, the IIEF score significantly increased (P<0.0005), finding a 18.4 percent of patients without ED, 53.1 percent with mild ED, 28.6 percent with mild-moderate ED and no cases with moderate or severe ED. 87.7 percent of patients reported better erections and 81.6 percent stated a better capacity to maintain erections during. The global satisfaction rate with the treatment was of 64.1 percent. CONCLUSION: The treatment with daily dose of Tadalafil 5 mg is effective for the management of ED and is associated with adequate levels of satisfaction and confidence after one month of use.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Disfunção Erétil/psicologia , Disfunção Erétil/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Fosfodiesterase/administração & dosagem , Tadalafila/administração & dosagem , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e Questionários , Seguimentos , Satisfação do Paciente
3.
Rev. chil. urol ; 78(4): 36-39, ago. 2013. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774913

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La ureterolitectomía endoscópica (URS) es una técnica validada para el manejo de cálculos ureterales, ya que tiene alto poder resolutivo y es poco invasiva. El desarrollo de instrumentos flexibles ha facilitado el manejo endoscópico de los cálculos en uréter medio y proximal. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la experiencia de nuestro centro en URS. Material y metodos: Análisis retrospectivo de las URS realizadas en nuestro centro entre Diciembre 2009 y Mayo 2012. Se consignaron las características del cálculo, el método de fragmentación, la efectividad del procedimiento y las complicaciones. Se utilizaron los ureteroscopios semirrígido Wolf (6,0-9,5 Fr) y flexible Karl Storz Flex X2. Resultados: Se revisaron 102 ureteroscopías, 85 con ureteroscopio semirrígido y 17 con flexible. Los cálculos tuvieron un promedio de 5,7 mm y 642 UH. El 89,4 por ciento de los cálculos resueltos mediante URS semirrígida se localizaban en uréter distal y 52,9 por ciento de los resueltos con URS flexible en uréter proximal. Se realizó litotripsia con láser Holmium en un 25,9 por ciento y 70,6 por ciento de los casos con URS semirrígida y flexible, respectivamente. Se utilizó litotripsia pneumática en un 4,7 por ciento de los casos de URS semirrígida. En URS semirrígida y flexible, la tasa de stone-free + fragmentos < 2 mm fue de 89,4 por ciento y 88,2 por ciento, respectivamente. Sólo hubo una complicación en nuestra serie (infección urinaria febril en 1 caso con URS flexible). La mediana de hospitalización fue de 1 día (rango 1-5 días). Conclusion: Nuestros resultados reafirman a la URS como una técnica eficaz, segura y poco invasiva para el tratamiento de los cálculos ureterales.


INTRODUCTION: The endoscopic ureterolithotomy (URS) is a validated technique for the management of ureteral calculi, which is highly resolutive and minimally invasive. The development of flexible instruments has facilitated the endoscopic management of stones in the mid and proximal segments of the ureter. The aim of this paper is to describe the experience of our center in endoscopic ureterolithotomy. Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of URS performed at our center between December 2009 and May 2012. We recorded the characteristics of the stones, the fragmentation method, the effectiveness of the procedure and complications. The Wolf semi-rigid (6.0 to 9.5 Fr) and the flexible Karl Storz Flex X2 ureteroscopes were used. RESULTS: We reviewed 102 URS, 85 with semi-rigid and 17 with flexible ureteroscope. The calculi were 5.7 mm and 642 HU in average. 89.4 percent of the stones treated with a semi-rigid URS were localized in the distal ureter and 52.9 percent of the calculi treated with a flexible URS were in the proximal ureter. Holmium laser lithotripsy was performed in 25.9 percent and 70.6 percent of the cases of semi-rigid and flexible URS, respectively. Pneumatic lithotripsy was used in 4.7 percent of the semi-rigid URS. In semi-rigid and flexible URS, the rate of stone-free + fragments < 2 mm was 89.4 percent and 88.2 percent, respectively. There was only one complication in our series (febrile urinary tract infection in 1 case of flexible URS). The median length of stay was 1 day (range 1-5 days). CONCLUSION: Our results confirm that URS is an effective, safe and minimally invasive treatment for ureteral calculi.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cálculos Ureterais/cirurgia , Ureteroscopia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ureterolitíase/cirurgia
4.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 77(1): 58-63, 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-627401

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia y resultados del tratamiento de la placenta acreta previa central en un caso clínico. Durante el embarazo los métodos diagnósticos por imágenes (ultrasonido y resonancia nuclear magnética) precisaron la localización y penetración de la placenta en la pared uterina. En el período inmediato antes del parto, para disminuir la hemorragia, evitar la hipotensión materna y facilitar el procedimiento quirúrgico, se colocaron balones intraarteriales en ambas ilíacas internas por radiólogo intervencionista, catéteres para monitoreo hemodinámico invasivo por anestesiólogo y catéteres ureterales por urólogo. La resolución del parto fue por cesárea-histerectomía sin remoción de la placenta. El caso correspondió a una paciente de 32 años con cesárea en dos partos anteriores, metrorragia episódica y que fue interrumpida en la semana 36. Durante toda la intervención permaneció hemodinámicamente estable requiriendo 1 unidad de glóbulos rojos, 4 litros entre coloides y cristaloides y el posoperatorio fue sin incidentes. El examen histo-patológico demostró percretismo de la pared uterina sin invasión vesical, concordante con las imágenes de lagunas vasculares y la citoscopia. CONCLUSIÓN: El caso demuestra el beneficio del tratamiento especializado multidisciplinario de embarazos con complicaciones graves como la placenta previa con diferentes grados de acretismo.


OBJECTIVE: To report the treatment of a clinical case with central placenta previa accreta. During pregnancy image diagnosis (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) revealed localization and penetration of the placenta into the uterine wall. Just before delivery to reduce the bloss loss and avoid maternal hypotension and facilitate surgery, intra arterial balloons were placed on both hypogastric arteries by the radiologist; intravascular monitoring was installed by anesthesist and urologist put in ureteral catheters. The delivery was by cesarean section and followed by histerectomy leaving the placenta in situ. The case correspond to a woman of 32 years old that had 2 previous cesarean section. During this pregnancy bled a few times and was delivered at weeks 36th. During surgery she was stable, requiring one unit of red blood cells and four liters of coloids and crystaloids. Post-operative course was with no problems. The pathologist report a placenta percreta with no bladder involvement, agreeing with the vascular lakes image and the cystoscopy. CONCLUSION: This case reveals the benefits of multidisciplinary approach to manage severe complications of pregnancy such as placenta previa and the degree of accretism.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Placenta Acreta/cirurgia , Cesárea/métodos , Histerectomia/métodos , Artéria Ilíaca , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Placenta Acreta/diagnóstico por imagem , Fatores de Tempo , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Oclusão com Balão
5.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 22(3): 211-220, 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-647606

RESUMO

Vaginal prolapse is a very common disorder in the general female population. Because it is so common and often asymptomatically, there is no exact definition of this condition. Additionally its exact prevalence is not known. There are multiple risk factors that cause vaginal prolapse, for example age and vaginal deliveries are the most common, and nevertheless it is considered a multifactorial process. From the surgical point of view the most accepted theory for its production is site-specific tears that would generate the prolapse as they occur. Its diagnosis is clinical and is currently classified into four stages according to the degree of descent that exists with respect to the hymen. There are many different types of treatment, and the most used are pessaries, physiotherapy and surgery. The following is a review that covers various relevant aspects of the vaginal prolapse, his confrontation and treatment.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Prolapso Uterino/diagnóstico , Prolapso Uterino/etiologia , Prolapso Uterino/terapia
6.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 22(3): 221-229, 2011. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-647607

RESUMO

The etiological search of pelvic organ prolapse has led to the study of connective tissue that surrounds it directly, called endopelvic fascia. So there have been several studies looking for changes in the main types of collagen existing in this area, trying to describe the changes that they would experience in order to facilitate the prolapse. It has been postulated mainly a decrease in collagen content, thereby reducing the tensile strength of the suspension elements of the pelvic organs and thus descent occurring. However, the literature has been discordant, and published numerous studies that show an increase of collagen in this area, which could be due to a state of pelvic floor repair in patients with various recognized risk factors. Most publications have different biases that preclude a completely valid conclusion. Because of this, still is not clear what changes would experience at the histological level the endopelvic fascia and there is no consensus among different centers. Here is a review of existing literature on this subject with emphasis on different molecular and histological findings of each study and their biases.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Colágeno/metabolismo , Prolapso Uterino/etiologia , Prolapso Uterino/patologia
7.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 75(1): 58-63, 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-561835

RESUMO

Através de la historia la neuromodulación ha demostrado ser una alternativa de tratamiento eficaz en el manejo de diversas disfunciones del piso pélvico. Distintas técnicas intentan conseguir un objetivo común, sin embargo, el éxito terapéutico es disímil dependiendo de la severidad y tipo de patología. Describimos los aspectos clínicos y operacionales relacionados con las diversas técnicas, así como los mecanismos de acción propuestos para la neuromodulación.


Through hystory, neuromodulation have proved to be an effective alternative of management of pelvic floor dysfunctions. Several technical alternatives try to reach a same therapeutic objetive, however, depending on the severity and type of symptom their succes differ. We describe the clinical and technical aspects related to those different technics so as the mechanisms of action that are propose for the neuromodulation.


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Urológicas/terapia , Incontinência Fecal/terapia , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Incontinência Urinária/terapia , Diafragma da Pelve
8.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 20(2): 160-166, 2009. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-545897

RESUMO

During the last 15 years there has been increasing evidence demonstrating that erectile dysfunction (ED) due to vascular etiology is a primary manifestation of endothelial damage and that in a high percentage of the affected men it precedes coronary artery disease (CAD). These findings have positionated ED as a significant risk factor for CAD. The association between these pathological entities relies mainly in anatomical factor since the diameter of the cavernosal arteries is 1 to 2 mm and of the coronary arteries 3 to 4 mm. Considering that the physiopathology of the endothelial dysfunction is the same in both diseases, the clinical manifestations (DE) become apparent first in the organ with the smaller arteries. Classically the vascular study of the penis has been done with the color doppler ultrasound of the cavernosal arteries associated with an injection of prostaglandin E2; in the clinical setting this study represents a penile stress test (functional study). A pathological result in the color doppler ultrasound of the cavernosal arteries in patients with DE predicts the presence of CAD with high accuracy. Taking this information in account the specific study of these blood vessels may allow the detection of patients in risk of having CAD, positionating this study as a screnning method for patients in cardiovascular risk.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Disfunção Erétil/complicações , Disfunção Erétil/diagnóstico , Doença das Coronárias/complicações , Doença das Coronárias/diagnóstico , Disfunção Erétil/etiologia , Previsões , Fatores de Risco
9.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 19(3): 198-203, 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-530346

RESUMO

Introduction: transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is still the gold standard treatment of prostatic obstruction. The objective of the present study is to compare the bleeding complications of TURP with and without the participation of residents. Material and methods: The data was obtained from a prospective protocol that included 200 patients submitted to TURP. Eleven patients were excluded from the study (5,5 percent). No patient was lost from follow-up. Results: Were viewed 189 surgeries, 46 with resident participation (24,3 percent). The operations performed by residents were more prolonged, and required more days with bladder drainage. The following bleeding complications were observed: 1) Bladder catheter washing to solve obstruction by clots: 11,6 percent, 2) Endoscopic revision in severe hematuria: 2,6 percent, 3) Readmission to the hospital in complete urinary retention secondary to clots: 2,1 percent and 4) Blood transfusion: 2,1 percent. The transfusion rate was significantly higher in resident surgeries (6,5 percent versus 0,7 percent, p=0,045), without differences in the other bleeding complications. Conclusion: The rate of bleeding complications is comparable to that recently published. Applying strict criterion for blood transfusion, no difference was observed between the groups. At our institution, the process of teaching and learning TURP does not increase significantly the risk of bleeding complications.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Hemorragia , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/efeitos adversos , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/métodos , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/tendências , Chile , Doenças Prostáticas/cirurgia , Doenças Prostáticas/complicações
10.
Rev. chil. cir ; 58(6): 414-419, dic. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-455704

RESUMO

Estudio prospectivo en pacientes con hernia inguinal irreductible crónica y portadores de patología médica severa, con el propósito de efectuar una intervención con menor riesgo quirúrgico, para lo cual se programó realizar una orquidectomía en forma concomitante con el procedimiento de hernioplastía,. De común acuerdo con cada paciente y debidamente avalado por un consentimiento informado legal específico para patología herniaria, entre Julio de 2000 a Junio de 2005 se operaron 8 pacientes, realizándose 9 orquidectomías. El promedio de edad fue de 66,6 años, con valores extremos de 41 y 85 años. Cinco pacientes tenían patología cardiovascular severa asociada, con un promedio de edad de 76 años, nueve más que en la serie general; dos tenían déficit mental significativo. En tres pacientes se asoció a cirugía herniaria previa; en cuatro un hidrocele de tamaño considerable, con bilateralidad en uno. El saco herniario contenía principalmente ileon y colon; elementos herniarios deslizados: colon derecho en tres, sigmoides en uno y vejiga y uréteres en uno. El tiempo operatorio promedio, fue de 105 minutos, haciendo excepción de dos pacientes. La estadía hospitalaria de fue de 84 horas, a excepción del paciente con sepsis renal. No hubo complicaciones intraoperatorias. La evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria en siete pacientes. Las complicaciones quirúrgicas fueron mínimas. No hubo mortalidad en la serie. Conclusión: en pacientes con edad avanzada con patología herniaria irreductible crónica y patología médica severa, el agregar la exéresis testicular a la hernioplastía, disminuye el tiempo quirúrgico, permite una estadía hospitalaria más breve y un escaso compromiso local.


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia Combinada , Hérnia Inguinal/cirurgia , Hérnia Inguinal/complicações , Orquiectomia , Doença Crônica , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Escroto/cirurgia , Hidrocele Testicular/cirurgia , Tempo de Internação , Estudos Prospectivos , Transtornos Mentais/complicações
11.
Bol. Hosp. San Juan de Dios ; 36(1): 3-11, ene.-feb. 1989. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-63568

RESUMO

Se presenta un trabajo descriptivo emn pacientes operados por patología varicosa en el Hospital Sanatorio de Valparaíso durante 1983, encontrándose que la mayor frecuencia corresponde a pacientes del sexo femenino (64,9%)y la edad más común al momento de la primera consulta, fluctúa entre 40 y 49 años en ambos sexos. En relación a las características propias del cuadro varicoso destaca que los signos y síntomas más frecuentes al momento de consulta son la dilatación venosa (69,3%) y el dolor (33,3%) respectivamente. El territorio venoso más afectado es el de la safena interna, comprometiendo con mayor frecuencia ambas extremidades en forma simultánea. El mayor número de pacientes operados presentan várices en etapa moderada o avanzada al momento de la consultaa. Con respecto a los factores de riesgo o etiopatogénicos se aprecia que un 62,6% de los pacientes tienen sobrepeso o algún grado de obesidad y un porcentaje alto de mujeres (27,7%) presenta obesidad severa. Otro factor analizado fué la paridad, detectándose a éste respecto que el 80,4% de las mujeres operadas eran multíparas y que sólo en el 14,4% las várices aparecieron durante algún embarazo. Finalmente debemos destacar la alta prevalencia del cuadro y la poca información disponible en la literatura nacional, lo que estimula la realización de mayores estudios tanto de orden descriptivo como analítico


Assuntos
Gravidez , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Varizes/epidemiologia , Chile , Obesidade , Complicações na Gravidez , Varizes/cirurgia
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